托福寫(xiě)作中，絕不是詞匯就可以一統(tǒng)天下的，語(yǔ)法問(wèn)題也是高分必需要攻克的一道難關(guān)，想要寫(xiě)出邏輯清晰，遣詞造句正確豐滿(mǎn)的高質(zhì)量托福作文，托福寫(xiě)作語(yǔ)法不可忽視。我們就從小小的冠詞開(kāi)始吧。

　　一 基本規(guī)律 (Basic rules)

　　1. Definite article (定冠詞)

　　我們用 " the " 當(dāng)我們知道他是諸多人或事中的哪一個(gè)：

　　* is unique (or unique in that context) (是唯一的)

　　The Australian Prime Minister. (=there is only one)

　　I looked inside, the engine was in a terrible state. (=there is only one engine, in this case)

　　* has been mentioned before. (之前提到過(guò))

　　The man gave me a ticket. I looked at it, and saw that the ticket was a single.

　　* is defined by the phrase which follows it. (要被接下來(lái)的短語(yǔ)詳細(xì)說(shuō)明)

　　What is the new student's name?

　　2. No articles (無(wú)冠詞)

　　我們不用冠詞當(dāng)我們普遍地提及事物的時(shí)候：

　　* using plural or uncountable nouns (在使用復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí))

　　Do you like sport?

　　* with the names of people or places, but there are many exceptions (人名和地名的時(shí)候不用冠詞，但是地名有許多例外，下文一一介紹)

　　He is Professor Jones

　　3. Indefinite article (不定冠詞)

　　我們用 "a , an " 當(dāng)我們不知道他是諸多人或事中的哪一個(gè)：

　　* is one of many. ( 是許多個(gè)中的一個(gè))

　　He is an artist.(=there are many artists)

　　* is not unique. (不是唯一的)

　　I have just bought a book

　　* has not been mentioned before. (之前沒(méi)有提到過(guò))

　　There was a new student in class today.

　　4. Fixed phrases ( 固定短語(yǔ))

　　有許多固定搭配需要用或者不用冠詞，我們應(yīng)該來(lái)單獨(dú)學(xué)習(xí)，他們包括：

　　a few at home at work at the beginning atthe end go to bed

　　go to the cinemas, shops, station in the world once a week

　　sixty kilometres an hour the next the other the other day

　　the same

　　二 經(jīng)常發(fā)生問(wèn)題的區(qū)域 (Areas that often cause problems)

　　1. Jobs (工作)

　　如果有許多人做這個(gè)工作我們用 a 或 an.：

　　My husband is an architect. (=there are many architects)

　　但是如果一個(gè)工作特別對(duì)應(yīng)一個(gè)人，我們就要用“the”了：

　　He is having talks with the French foreign minister(外交部長(zhǎng)). (=there is only one)

　　2. Superlative (最高級(jí))

　　我們使用“the”在形容詞最高級(jí)前面：

　　She is the best person for the job.

　　3. Last and next

　　有一些形容詞如 “last” 和 “next ”同時(shí)可以用也可以不用定冠詞“the”但是句意會(huì)發(fā)生變化

　　I saw James last night. (=the one before this one)

　　It is the last night of our holiday. (=the fanal one)

　　I will see you next week.(=the one after this one)

　　4. Institutions: school, prison, university, church, home, hospital

　　和以上機(jī)構(gòu)連用時(shí)我們不用定冠詞“the”

　　My sister had to stay in hospital overnight.

　　然而，如果我們指的是這個(gè)建筑，我們就要用“the”

　　Our flat is opposite the hospital.